Effect of Bone Marrow Derived Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UMSC) Versus Differentiated MSCs (DMSC) on Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetic Rats

Mohamed A Haidara

Professor of Physiology
College of Medicine and King Khalid University
Abha, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objective(s):

Is to investigate the effects of infusion of undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (UMSC) versus differentiated mesenchymal stem cells (DMSC) derived from bone marrow on cardiovascular complications in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:

MSCs were derived from bone marrow of male albino rats. UMSCs were characterized morphologically and by RT-PCR for CD29. They were then infused into female diabetic rats, as induced by STZ. Rats were divided into: Control, Diabetic, Diabetic plus UMSC, Diabetic plus DMSC groups. Serum insulin, glucose and fibrinogen were estimated for all groups, Y-chromosome gene (sry) was detected by PCR in pancreatic and cardiac tissues of Diabetic/UMSCs group.Physiological assessment of cardiovascular function was done.

Results

Diabetic rats receiving UMSCs showed significantly lowered serum glucose and increased serum insulin
levels compared to the Diabetic group. Also improvement of cardiovascular performance was observed in
Diabetic/ UMSCs group compared to Diabetic group. The (sry) gene was detected by PCR in the pancreatic tissue and
cardiac tissues of Diabetic/UMSCs group. Infusion of DMSCs into diabetic rats causes significant lowering of
glucose ,increased insulin & fibrinogen levels and improved cardiovascular performance compared to the
untreated Diabetic group.

Conclusion(s):

Rat bone marrow harbours cells capable of transdifferentiating into functional insulin-producing cells and are
capable of controlling blood glucose in diabetic rats. This could support efforts to derive such cells in humans
as a mean to overcome limitations surrounding islet cell transplantation.
Rat bone marrow harbours cells that can also be differentiated into functional insulin-producing beta cells are capable of controlling blood glucose level and ameliorate the diabetic cardiovascular complications in rats.

Therefore, the results harvested from this study not only indicate that bone marrow harbours cells that have the
capacity to differentiate into functional β cells ;which represent a source for cell-based treatment of diabetes
mellitus ;but also the possible improvement of diabetic cardiovascular complications by either DMSCs and
UMSCs derived from adults rats bone marrow.